Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures, sentence 5
Falcons look like hawks, but DNA, the tiny instructions inside every living cell, shows they are closer cousins of parrots and songbirds.
Who acts: Falcons, DNA, Looks · What happens: look, show, be · To what, where: closer cousins · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Falcons, DNA, Looks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Falcons | falcon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 look | nsubj |
| 2 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | like | like | ADP | _ | 4 hawks | case |
| 4 | hawks | hawk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 look | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 shows | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 shows | cc |
| 7 | DNA | DNA | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 shows | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 instructions | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 instructions | det |
| 10 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 instructions | amod |
| 11 | instructions | instruction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 DNA | appos |
| 12 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 15 cell | case |
| 13 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 cell | det |
| 14 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cell | compound |
| 15 | cell | cell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 instructions | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 shows | punct |
| 17 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 look | conj |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 cousins | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 cousins | cop |
| 20 | closer | closer | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 21 cousins | amod |
| 21 | cousins | cousin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 shows | ccomp |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 parrots | case |
| 23 | parrots | parrot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 cousins | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 songbirds | cc |
| 25 | songbirds | songbird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 parrots | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 look | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | Falcons | like hawks | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | show | present | DNA | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | Looks = look | closer cousins | of parrots and songbirds | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/5/