Tortoises, lizards and geckos as pets: heat, light and washing hands, sentence 8
Reptile lamps give UVB light like sunshine, which helps the body make vitamin D; without it reptiles cannot use calcium and their bones grow soft and bent, and window glass blocks most UVB.
Who acts: Reptile lamps, sunshine, body, reptiles, bones, window glass · What happens: give, help, make, not use, grow, block · To what, where: UVB light, body, vitamin, calcium, most UVB
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tortoises, lizards and geckos as pets: heat, light and washing hands» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reptile lamps, sunshine, body, reptiles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reptile | reptile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lamps | compound |
| 2 | lamps | lamp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 give | nsubj |
| 3 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | UVB | uvb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 light | compound |
| 5 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 give | obj |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 sunshine | case |
| 7 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 give | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 helps | punct |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 helps | nsubj |
| 10 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 sunshine | acl:relcl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 body | det |
| 12 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 helps | obj |
| 13 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 helps | xcomp |
| 14 | vitamin | vitamin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 make | obj |
| 15 | D | D | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 vitamin | flat |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 use | punct |
| 17 | without | without | ADP | _ | 18 it | case |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 use | obl |
| 19 | reptiles | reptile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 use | nsubj |
| 20 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 use | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 use | advmod |
| 22 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 give | parataxis |
| 23 | calcium | calcium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 use | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 grow | cc |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 bones | nmod:poss |
| 26 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 grow | nsubj |
| 27 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 use | conj |
| 28 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 grow | xcomp |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 bent | cc |
| 30 | bent | bent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 soft | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 blocks | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 blocks | cc |
| 33 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 glass | compound |
| 34 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 blocks | nsubj |
| 35 | blocks | block | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 give | conj |
| 36 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 37 UVB | amod |
| 37 | UVB | uvb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 blocks | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 give | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | Reptile lamps | UVB light | like sunshine | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme | |||
| 2 | help | present | sunshine | the body | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | make | infinitive | the body not said here | vitamin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vitamin=Product | ||||
| 4 | not use | can | reptiles | calcium | without vitamin | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calcium=Patient | |||
| 5 | grow | present | reptiles's bones | soft property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | block | present | window glass | most UVB | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer uvb=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:329-tortoises-lizards-and-geckos-as-pets-heat-light-and-washing-hands.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/329-tortoises-lizards-and-geckos-as-pets-heat-light-and-washing-hands/8/