Unusual pets: stick insects, giant snails, ant farms and hermit crabs, sentence 10
A stick insect has six legs, like every insect, and can drop a leg if grabbed; a young one can grow it back, often smaller, when it next sheds its skin, but grown-ups no longer shed.
Who acts: stick insect, young one, privet, grown ups · What happens: have, drop, grab, grow back, shed, grow · To what, where: six legs, leg, privet, skin
This is a sentence of the lesson «Unusual pets: stick insects, giant snails, ant farms and hermit crabs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stick insect, young one, privet, grown ups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 insect | det |
| 2 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 insect | compound |
| 3 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 legs | nummod |
| 6 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 has | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 insect | punct |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 insect | case |
| 9 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 insect | det |
| 10 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 legs | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 drop | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 drop | cc |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 drop | aux |
| 14 | drop | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 has | conj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 leg | det |
| 16 | leg | leg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 drop | obj |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 18 grabbed | mark |
| 18 | grabbed | grab | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 drop | advcl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 grow | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 one | det |
| 21 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 one | amod |
| 22 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 grow | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 grow | aux |
| 24 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 has | conj |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 grow | obj |
| 26 | back | back | ADV | _ | 24 grow | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 smaller | punct |
| 28 | often | often | ADV | _ | 29 smaller | advmod |
| 29 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 24 grow | parataxis |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 sheds | punct |
| 31 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 34 sheds | advmod |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 sheds | nsubj |
| 33 | next | next | ADV | _ | 34 sheds | advmod |
| 34 | sheds | shed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 smaller | advcl |
| 35 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 skin | nmod:poss |
| 36 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 sheds | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 grown | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 44 shed | cc |
| 39 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 ups | amod |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 ups | punct |
| 41 | ups | up | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 shed | nsubj |
| 42 | no | no | ADV | _ | 43 longer | advmod |
| 43 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 44 shed | advmod |
| 44 | shed | shed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 has | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a stick insect | six legs and every insect | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient | ||||
| 2 | drop | can | a stick insect not said here | a leg | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Theme | ||||
| 3 | grab a condition, not said to happen | participle | a stick insect not said here | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | grow back | can | a young one | privet | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme | ||||
| 5 | shed | present | privet | privet's skin | next property | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location skin=Source | |||
| 6 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | shed | present | grown ups | long property | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:330-unusual-pets-stick-insects-giant-snails-ant-farms-and-hermit-crabs.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/330-unusual-pets-stick-insects-giant-snails-ant-farms-and-hermit-crabs/10/