The garden in summer: flowers, aphids, ladybirds and flying ant day, sentence 3
Then come the hunters: a seven-spot ladybird and its spiky grey larva munch through them, while ants walk up the stem to stroke the aphids and drink their sweet honeydew, guarding them from ladybirds in return.
Who acts: spot ladybird, ants · What happens: come, munch, walk up, stroke, drink, guard · To what, where: hunters, stem, aphids, sweet honeydew
This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in summer: flowers, aphids, ladybirds and flying ant day» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spot ladybird, ants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 come | advmod |
| 2 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hunters | det |
| 4 | hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 come | obj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 munch | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 ladybird | det |
| 7 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 spot | nummod |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 seven | punct |
| 9 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ladybird | compound |
| 10 | ladybird | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 munch | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 larva | cc |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 larva | nmod:poss |
| 13 | spiky | spiky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 larva | amod |
| 14 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 larva | amod |
| 15 | larva | larva | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ladybird | conj |
| 16 | munch | munch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 come | parataxis |
| 17 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 them | case |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 munch | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 walk | punct |
| 20 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 22 walk | mark |
| 21 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 walk | nsubj |
| 22 | walk | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 munch | advcl |
| 23 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 walk | compound:prt |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 stem | det |
| 25 | stem | stem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 walk | obj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 stroke | mark |
| 27 | stroke | stroke | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 walk | advcl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 aphids | det |
| 29 | aphids | aphid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 stroke | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 drink | cc |
| 31 | drink | drink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 stroke | conj |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 honeydew | nmod:poss |
| 33 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 honeydew | amod |
| 34 | honeydew | honeydew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 drink | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 guarding | punct |
| 36 | guarding | guard | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 walk | advcl |
| 37 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 guarding | obj |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 39 ladybirds | case |
| 39 | ladybirds | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 guarding | obl |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 return | case |
| 41 | return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 guarding | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 come | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | the hunters | then | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hunter=Theme | ||||
| 2 | munch | present | a spot ladybird and birth's spiky grey larva | through hunters = hunter | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | walk up | present | ants | the stem | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stem=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | stroke | to-infinitive | ants not said here | the aphids | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aphid=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | drink | present | ants not said here | aphids's sweet honeydew | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honeydew=Patient | ||||
| 6 | guard | gerund | ants not said here | aphids = aphid | in return; from ladybirds | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary from ladybird=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/3/