The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, dragonflies and ice, sentence 8

A coot has three toes forward and one back, each with flat flaps called lobes that spread when swimming and fold when walking; ducks have webbed feet, and moorhens have long toes with no flaps for walking on floating plants.

Who acts: coot, flat flaps, ducks, moorhens, long toes · What happens: have, call, spread, swim, fold, walk · To what, where: three toes, lobes, webbed feet, long toes, floating plants · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, dragonflies and ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coot, flat flaps, ducks, moorhens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 coot	det
2	coot	coot	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 toes	nummod
5	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
6	forward	forward	ADV	_	5 toes	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 each	cc
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 each	nsubj
9	back	back	ADV	_	8 one	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 each	punct
11	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	5 toes	conj
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 flaps	case
13	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 flaps	amod
14	flaps	flap	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 each	nmod
15	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 flaps	acl
16	lobes	lobe	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 called	xcomp
17	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 spread	nsubj
18	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 flaps	acl:relcl
19	when	when	SCONJ	_	20 swimming	mark
20	swimming	swim	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 spread	advcl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 fold	cc
22	fold	fold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 spread	conj
23	when	when	SCONJ	_	24 walking	mark
24	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 fold	advcl
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 have	punct
26	ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 have	nsubj
27	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 flaps	conj
28	webbed	web	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	29 feet	amod
29	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 have	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 have	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 have	cc
32	moorhens	moorhen	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 have	nsubj
33	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 have	parataxis
34	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 toes	amod
35	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 have	obj
36	with	with	ADP	_	38 flaps	case
37	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	38 flaps	det
38	flaps	flap	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 toes	nmod
39	for	for	SCONJ	_	40 walking	mark
40	walking	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	35 toes	acl
41	on	on	ADP	_	43 plants	case
42	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	43 plants	amod
43	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 walking	obl
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	a coot	three toes			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toe=Patient
2	call	participle	flat flaps not said here	lobes			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	spread	past	flat flaps				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	swim	gerund	flat flaps not said here				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	fold	present	flat flaps not said here				vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
6	walk	gerund	flat flaps not said here				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	have	present	ducks	webbed feet			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient
8	web	participle					tree rules
9	have	present	moorhens	long toes		with no flaps	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toe=Patient
10	walk	gerund	long toes not said here		floating plants		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on plant=Trajectory
11	float	gerund					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice/8/