Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart, sentence 2
The oak drops acorns in little cups, the maple's leaf is shaped like an open hand and its seeds spin down like helicopters, and the horse chestnut's leaf spreads out like a hand with five to seven fingers.
Who acts: oak, seeds, leaf · What happens: drop, shape, spin down, spread out · To what, where: acorns, little cups, leaf
This is a sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oak, seeds, leaf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 oak | det |
| 2 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drops | nsubj |
| 3 | drops | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | acorns | acorn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drops | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 cups | case |
| 6 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cups | amod |
| 7 | cups | cup | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drops | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 shaped | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 maple | det |
| 10 | maple | maple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 leaf | nmod:poss |
| 11 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 10 maple | case |
| 12 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 shaped | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 shaped | aux:pass |
| 14 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 drops | conj |
| 15 | like | like | ADP | _ | 18 hand | case |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 hand | det |
| 17 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 hand | amod |
| 18 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 shaped | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 spin | cc |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 seeds | nmod:poss |
| 21 | seeds | seed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 spin | nsubj |
| 22 | spin | spin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 shaped | conj |
| 23 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 spin | compound:prt |
| 24 | like | like | ADP | _ | 25 helicopters | case |
| 25 | helicopters | helicopter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 spin | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 spreads | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 spreads | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 chestnut | det |
| 29 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 chestnut | compound |
| 30 | chestnut | chestnut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 leaf | nmod:poss |
| 31 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 30 chestnut | case |
| 32 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 spreads | nsubj |
| 33 | spreads | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 shaped | conj |
| 34 | out | out | ADP | _ | 33 spreads | compound:prt |
| 35 | like | like | ADP | _ | 37 hand | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 hand | det |
| 37 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 spreads | obl |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 fingers | case |
| 39 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 fingers | nummod |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 seven | case |
| 41 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 five | nmod |
| 42 | fingers | finger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 hand | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drops | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | present | the oak | acorns | little cups | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent acorn=Theme in cup=Destination | |||
| 2 | shape | present · passive | the maple's leaf | like a open hand | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | spin down | present | oak's seeds | like helicopters | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | spread out | present | the horse chestnut's leaf | like a hand with five fingers | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/2/