Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrots, hummingbirds, songbirds, crows, sentence 13
Flamingos are pink from the colours in the algae and brine shrimp they eat; chicks are grey, and the backward bend in the leg is the ankle, not the knee, which is hidden up in the feathers.
Who acts: Flamingos, chicks, backward bend · What happens: be, eat, hide up · To what, where: colours, brine shrimp, ankle, feathers
This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrots, hummingbirds, songbirds, crows» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Flamingos, chicks, backward bend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Flamingos | flamingo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 pink | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 pink | cop |
| 3 | pink | pink | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 colours | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 colours | det |
| 6 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 pink | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 algae | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 algae | det |
| 9 | algae | alga | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 colours | nmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 shrimp | cc |
| 11 | brine | brine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 shrimp | compound |
| 12 | shrimp | shrimp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 algae | conj |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 eat | nsubj |
| 14 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 shrimp | acl:relcl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 grey | punct |
| 16 | chicks | chick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 grey | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 grey | cop |
| 18 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pink | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 ankle | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 ankle | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 bend | det |
| 22 | backward | backward | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 bend | amod |
| 23 | bend | bend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 ankle | nsubj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 leg | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 leg | det |
| 26 | leg | leg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bend | nmod |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 ankle | cop |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 ankle | det |
| 29 | ankle | ankle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pink | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 knee | punct |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 knee | advmod |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 knee | det |
| 33 | knee | knee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 ankle | parataxis |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 hidden | punct |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 hidden | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 hidden | aux:pass |
| 37 | hidden | hide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 ankle | conj |
| 38 | up | up | ADP | _ | 37 hidden | compound:prt |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 feathers | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 feathers | det |
| 41 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 hidden | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 pink | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Flamingos | the colours in the algae and brine shrimp | pink property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | eat | present | Flamingos = flamingo | brine shrimp not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shrimp=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | present | chicks | grey property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | the backward bend in the leg | the ankle | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | hide up | present · passive | the ankle | the feathers | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient in feather=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:035-birds-of-every-kind.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/13/