Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes, eggs and litres, sentence 14

An adult horse has about 36 to 44 teeth that keep growing out slowly as they wear down, with a gap where the bit of a bridle sits, and vets can guess its age from their shape and wear.

Who acts: adult horse, 36 teeth, teeth, bit, vets · What happens: have, keep, grow out, wear down, sit, guess · To what, where: 36 teeth, age, shape

This is a sentence of the lesson «Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes, eggs and litres» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adult horse, 36 teeth, teeth, bit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 horse	det
2	adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 horse	amod
3	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 36	advmod
6	36	36	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 teeth	nummod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 44	case
8	44	44	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 36	nmod
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 keep	nsubj
11	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 teeth	acl:relcl
12	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 keep	xcomp
13	out	out	ADP	_	12 growing	compound:prt
14	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	12 growing	advmod
15	as	as	SCONJ	_	17 wear	mark
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 wear	nsubj
17	wear	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 growing	advcl
18	down	down	ADP	_	17 wear	compound:prt
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 gap	punct
20	with	with	ADP	_	22 gap	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 gap	det
22	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 wear	obl
23	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	29 sits	advmod
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 bit	det
25	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 sits	nsubj
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 bridle	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 bridle	det
28	bridle	bridle	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 bit	nmod
29	sits	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 gap	acl:relcl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 guess	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 guess	cc
32	vets	vet	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 guess	nsubj
33	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 guess	aux
34	guess	guess	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 has	conj
35	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	36 age	nmod:poss
36	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 guess	obj
37	from	from	ADP	_	39 shape	case
38	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 shape	nmod:poss
39	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 guess	obl
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 wear	cc
41	wear	wear	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 shape	conj
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	a adult horse	36 teeth			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient
2	keep	present	36 teeth				tree rules
3	grow out	gerund	36 teeth not said here			slowly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	wear down	present	teeth = tooth			with a gap	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
5	sit	present	the bit of a bridle				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	guess	can	vets	bit's age	vets's shape and wear		vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/14/