Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist, sentence 12
Under the enamel is dentine, full of tiny tubes leading towards the pulp, the soft middle with the nerve; if enamel or gum wears thin, cold or heat reaches the nerve and the tooth zings.
Who acts: enamel, tiny tubes, dentine · What happens: be, lead, wear, reach · To what, where: dentine, pulp, nerve
This is a sentence of the lesson «Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (enamel, tiny tubes, dentine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Under | under | ADP | _ | 5 dentine | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 enamel | det |
| 3 | enamel | enamel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dentine | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 dentine | cop |
| 5 | dentine | dentine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 reaches | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 full | punct |
| 7 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 dentine | amod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 tubes | case |
| 9 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tubes | amod |
| 10 | tubes | tube | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 full | obl |
| 11 | leading | lead | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 tubes | acl |
| 12 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 14 pulp | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 pulp | det |
| 14 | pulp | pulp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 leading | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 middle | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 middle | det |
| 17 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 middle | amod |
| 18 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dentine | conj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 nerve | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 nerve | det |
| 21 | nerve | nerve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 middle | nmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 wears | punct |
| 23 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 27 wears | mark |
| 24 | enamel | enamel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 wears | nsubj |
| 25 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 gum | cc |
| 26 | gum | gum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 enamel | conj |
| 27 | wears | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 reaches | advcl |
| 28 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 wears | xcomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 cold | punct |
| 30 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 reaches | nsubj |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 32 heat | cc |
| 32 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 cold | conj |
| 33 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 nerve | det |
| 35 | nerve | nerve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 reaches | obj |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 zings | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 tooth | det |
| 38 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 zings | compound |
| 39 | zings | zing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 reaches | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 dentine | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the enamel | dentine and the soft middle with the nerve | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | lead | gerund | tiny tubes not said here | the pulp | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent towards pulp=Destination | ||||
| 3 | wear a condition, not said to happen | present | enamel or gum | thin property | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | reach | present | dentine and the soft middle with the nerve | the nerve | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent nerve=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/12/