Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn, sentence 14

Freckles are spots of extra melanin; sun makes them darker, they often fade in winter, and people with red hair and fair skin often have more.

Who acts: Freckles, sun, people · What happens: be, make, fade, have · To what, where: spots, Freckles, more

This is a sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Freckles, sun, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Freckles	freckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spots	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spots	cop
3	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 melanin	case
5	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 melanin	amod
6	melanin	melanin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spots	nmod
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 makes	punct
8	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 makes	nsubj
9	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spots	parataxis
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 makes	obj
11	darker	dark	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 makes	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 fade	punct
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 fade	nsubj
14	often	often	ADV	_	15 fade	advmod
15	fade	fade	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 makes	conj
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 winter	case
17	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 fade	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 have	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 people	cc
20	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 have	nsubj
21	with	with	ADP	_	23 hair	case
22	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 hair	amod
23	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 people	nmod
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 skin	cc
25	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 skin	amod
26	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 hair	conj
27	often	often	ADV	_	28 have	advmod
28	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spots	conj
29	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	28 have	obj
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spots	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Freckles	spots		of extra melanin	tree rules
2	make	present	sun	Freckles = freckle		dark property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
3	fade	present	Freckles = freckle		winter	often property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	have	present	people with red hair and fair skin	more		often property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/14/