Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn, sentence 6
Skin has three main layers: the outer epidermis, the dermis with blood vessels and nerves, and a fat layer underneath; the outer layer has no blood vessels, so a very light scrape does not bleed.
Who acts: Skin, outer layer, light scrape · What happens: have, not bleed · To what, where: three main layers, blood vessels
This is a sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Skin, outer layer, light scrape), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 has | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 layers | nummod |
| 4 | main | main | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 layers | amod |
| 5 | layers | layer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 has | obj |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 epidermis | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 epidermis | det |
| 8 | outer | outer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 epidermis | amod |
| 9 | epidermis | epidermis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 layers | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 dermis | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 dermis | det |
| 12 | dermis | dermis | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 epidermis | conj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 vessels | case |
| 14 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 vessels | compound |
| 15 | vessels | vessel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 dermis | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 nerves | cc |
| 17 | nerves | nerve | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 vessels | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 layer | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 layer | cc |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 layer | det |
| 21 | fat | fat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 layer | compound |
| 22 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 epidermis | conj |
| 23 | underneath | underneath | ADV | _ | 22 layer | advmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 has | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 layer | det |
| 26 | outer | outer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 layer | amod |
| 27 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 has | nsubj |
| 28 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 has | parataxis |
| 29 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 31 vessels | det |
| 30 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 vessels | compound |
| 31 | vessels | vessel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 has | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 bleed | punct |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 40 bleed | advmod |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 scrape | det |
| 35 | very | very | ADV | _ | 36 light | advmod |
| 36 | light | light | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 scrape | amod |
| 37 | scrape | scrape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 bleed | nsubj |
| 38 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 bleed | aux |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 bleed | advmod |
| 40 | bleed | bleed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 has | advcl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Skin | three main layers | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient | ||||
| 2 | have | present | the outer layer | no blood vessels | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vessel=Patient | ||||
| 3 | not bleed | present · do-support | a light scrape | vn substance_emission-43.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/6/