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Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger, sentence 13

In the teenage years the voice box grows and the vocal folds get longer and thicker, so the voice gets deeper and cracks while the brain learns to control them; the Adam's apple is the front of the voice box, and girls' voices drop a little too.

Who acts: voice box, vocal folds, voice, brain, apple, voices · What happens: grow, get, crack, learn, control, be · To what, where: folds, front, little

This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice box, vocal folds, voice, brain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

casedetamodobldetcompoundnsubjccdetamodnsubjconjxcompccconjpunctadvmoddetnsubjadvclxcompccconjmarkdetnsubjparataxismarkxcompobjpunctdetnmod:posscasensubjcopdetparataxiscasedetcompoundnmodpunctccnmod:posscasensubjconjdetobjadvmodpunctrootInADPtheDETteenageADJyearsNOUNtheDETvoiceNOUNboxNOUNgrowsVERBandCCONJtheDETvocalADJfoldsNOUNgetVERBlongerADJandCCONJthickerADJ,PUNCTsoADVtheDETvoiceNOUNgetsVERBdeeperADJandCCONJcracksVERBwhileSCONJtheDETbrainNOUNlearnsVERBtoPARTcontrolVERBthemPRON;PUNCTtheDETAdamPROPN'sPARTappleNOUNisAUXtheDETfrontNOUNofADPtheDETvoiceNOUNboxNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJgirlsNOUN'PARTvoicesNOUNdropVERBaDETlittleADJtooADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_4 yearscase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 yearsdet
3teenageteenageADJDegree=Pos4 yearsamod
4yearsyearNOUNNumber=Plur8 growsobl
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 boxdet
6voicevoiceNOUNNumber=Sing7 boxcompound
7boxboxNOUNNumber=Sing8 growsnsubj
8growsgrowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
9andandCCONJ_13 getcc
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 foldsdet
11vocalvocalADJDegree=Pos12 foldsamod
12foldsfoldNOUNNumber=Plur13 getnsubj
13getgetVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin8 growsconj
14longerlongADJDegree=Cmp13 getxcomp
15andandCCONJ_16 thickercc
16thickerthickADJDegree=Cmp14 longerconj
17,,PUNCT_21 getspunct
18sosoADV_21 getsadvmod
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 voicedet
20voicevoiceNOUNNumber=Sing21 getsnsubj
21getsgetVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin13 getadvcl
22deeperdeepADJDegree=Cmp21 getsxcomp
23andandCCONJ_24 crackscc
24crackscrackVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin21 getsconj
25whilewhileSCONJ_28 learnsmark
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 braindet
27brainbrainNOUNNumber=Sing28 learnsnsubj
28learnslearnVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin21 getsparataxis
29totoPART_30 controlmark
30controlcontrolVERBVerbForm=Inf28 learnsxcomp
31themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs30 controlobj
32;;PUNCT_39 frontpunct
33thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 Adamdet
34AdamAdamPROPNNumber=Sing36 applenmod:poss
35's'sPART_34 Adamcase
36appleappleNOUNNumber=Sing39 frontnsubj
37isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin39 frontcop
38thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 frontdet
39frontfrontNOUNNumber=Sing8 growsparataxis
40ofofADP_43 boxcase
41thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art43 boxdet
42voicevoiceNOUNNumber=Sing43 boxcompound
43boxboxNOUNNumber=Sing39 frontnmod
44,,PUNCT_49 droppunct
45andandCCONJ_49 dropcc
46girlsgirlNOUNNumber=Plur48 voicesnmod:poss
47''sPART_46 girlscase
48voicesvoiceNOUNNumber=Plur49 dropnsubj
49dropdropVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin39 frontconj
50aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art51 littledet
51littlelittleADJDegree=Pos49 dropobj
52tootooADV_49 dropadvmod
53..PUNCT_8 growspunct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1growpresentthe voice boxyearvn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2getpresentthe vocal foldslong propertyvn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3getpresentthe voicedeep propertyvn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
4crackpresentthe voice not said herevn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5learnpresentthe brainvn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6controlto-infinitivethe brain not said herefolds = foldvn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
7is apresentthe Adam's applethe frontof the voice boxtree rules
8droppresentgirls's voicesa littlevn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger/13/