Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger, sentence 16
Bones need calcium, protein and vitamin D, which your skin makes in daylight; extra food cannot make you taller than your genes allow, it only makes you wider.
Who acts: Bones, skin, extra food, genes, food · What happens: need, make, not make, allow · To what, where: calcium, daylight, you
This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bones, skin, extra food, genes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 need | nsubj |
| 2 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | calcium | calcium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 need | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 protein | punct |
| 5 | protein | protein | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 calcium | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 D | cc |
| 7 | vitamin | vitamin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 D | compound |
| 8 | D | D | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 protein | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 makes | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 makes | obj |
| 11 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 skin | nmod:poss |
| 12 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 makes | nsubj |
| 13 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 calcium | acl:relcl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 daylight | case |
| 15 | daylight | daylight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 makes | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 make | punct |
| 17 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 food | amod |
| 18 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 make | nsubj |
| 19 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 make | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 make | advmod |
| 21 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 need | parataxis |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 make | obj |
| 23 | taller | tall | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 21 make | xcomp |
| 24 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 27 allow | mark |
| 25 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 genes | nmod:poss |
| 26 | genes | gene | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 allow | nsubj |
| 27 | allow | allow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 taller | advcl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 allow | punct |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 makes | nsubj |
| 30 | only | only | ADV | _ | 31 makes | advmod |
| 31 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 make | conj |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 makes | obj |
| 33 | wider | wide | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 makes | xcomp |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 need | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | need | present | Bones | calcium and protein and vitamin D | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot calcium=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present | your skin | calcium and protein and vitamin D | daylight | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset which=Product | |||
| 3 | not make | can | extra food | you | tall property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material you=Product | |||
| 4 | allow | present | your genes | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer | |||||
| 5 | make | present | food | you | wide property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material you=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger/16/