Eyes and ears deeper: glasses, colour blindness, tears, earwax and dizziness, sentence 10
Cutting an onion lets out a gas that stings the eye, and reflex tears wash it away; there are also everyday tears that keep eyes wet and tears when you feel sad or very happy.
Who acts: Cutting, gas, reflex tears, everyday tears, you · What happens: cut, let out, sting, wash away, be, keep · To what, where: onion, gas, eye, eyes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Eyes and ears deeper: glasses, colour blindness, tears, earwax and dizziness» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cutting, gas, reflex tears, everyday tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cutting | cut | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 lets | csubj |
| 2 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 onion | det |
| 3 | onion | onion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Cutting | obj |
| 4 | lets | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 lets | compound:prt |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 gas | det |
| 7 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lets | obj |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 stings | nsubj |
| 9 | stings | sting | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 gas | acl:relcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 eye | det |
| 11 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stings | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 wash | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 wash | cc |
| 14 | reflex | reflex | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 tears | compound |
| 15 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 wash | nsubj |
| 16 | wash | wash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 lets | conj |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 wash | obj |
| 18 | away | away | ADV | _ | 16 wash | advmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 are | punct |
| 20 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 21 are | expl |
| 21 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 lets | parataxis |
| 22 | also | also | ADV | _ | 21 are | advmod |
| 23 | everyday | everyday | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 tears | amod |
| 24 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 are | nsubj |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 keep | nsubj |
| 26 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 tears | acl:relcl |
| 27 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 keep | obj |
| 28 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 keep | xcomp |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 tears | cc |
| 30 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 tears | conj |
| 31 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 33 feel | advmod |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 33 feel | nsubj |
| 33 | feel | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 tears | advcl |
| 34 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 feel | xcomp |
| 35 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 happy | cc |
| 36 | very | very | ADV | _ | 37 happy | advmod |
| 37 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 sad | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 lets | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | gerund | a onion | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset onion=Product | |||||
| 2 | let out | present | Cutting | a gas | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sting | present | a gas | the eye | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus eye=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | wash away | present | reflex tears | gas | away property | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||
| 5 | does | present | everyday tears and tears | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | keep | present | everyday tears and tears | eyes | wet property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme | |||
| 7 | feel | present | you | sad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:362-eyes-and-ears-deeper-glasses-colour-blindness-tears-earwax-and-dizziness.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/362-eyes-and-ears-deeper-glasses-colour-blindness-tears-earwax-and-dizziness/10/