Sleep and dreams in people, sentence 2
Watch a sleeping little brother: sometimes he lies still as a stone in deep sleep, and sometimes his eyes flick under his eyelids, which means he is in dreaming sleep.
Who acts: you, he, eyes · What happens: watch, sleep, lie, flick, mean, dream · To what, where: sleeping little brother, deep sleep, eyelids, sleep · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, he, eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Watch | watch | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 brother | det |
| 3 | sleeping | sleep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 brother | amod |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 brother | amod |
| 5 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Watch | obj |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 lies | punct |
| 7 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 9 lies | advmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 lies | nsubj |
| 9 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Watch | parataxis |
| 10 | still | still | ADV | _ | 9 lies | advmod |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 stone | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 stone | det |
| 13 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 lies | obl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 sleep | case |
| 15 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 sleep | amod |
| 16 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 lies | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 flick | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 flick | cc |
| 19 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 22 flick | advmod |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 21 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 flick | nsubj |
| 22 | flick | flick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 lies | conj |
| 23 | under | under | ADP | _ | 25 eyelids | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 eyelids | nmod:poss |
| 25 | eyelids | eyelid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 flick | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 means | punct |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 means | nsubj |
| 28 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 flick | parataxis |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 dreaming | nsubj |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 dreaming | aux |
| 31 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 32 dreaming | mark |
| 32 | dreaming | dream | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 means | ccomp |
| 33 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 dreaming | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Watch | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | watch | imperative | you not said here | a sleeping little brother | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme | ||||
| 2 | sleep | gerund | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | lie | present | he | deep sleep | still | as a stone; sometimes property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sleep=Location | ||
| 4 | flick | present | his eyes | his eyelids | sometimes property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent under eyelid=Destination | |||
| 5 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 6 | dream | present · progressive | he | sleep | vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleep=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/2/