Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova, sentence 16
In spring a male great bustard turns his feathers inside out to look like a white fluffy ball, puffs up his throat and fans his tail, and females watch many males before choosing.
Who acts: male great bustard, females · What happens: turn, look, puff up, fan, watch, choose · To what, where: feathers, throat, tail, many males
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (male great bustard, females), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 spring | case |
| 2 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 turns | obl |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 bustard | det |
| 4 | male | male | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 bustard | amod |
| 5 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 bustard | amod |
| 6 | bustard | bustard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 turns | nsubj |
| 7 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 feathers | nmod:poss |
| 9 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 turns | obj |
| 10 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 11 out | advmod |
| 11 | out | out | ADV | _ | 9 feathers | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 look | mark |
| 13 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 turns | advcl |
| 14 | like | like | ADP | _ | 18 ball | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 ball | det |
| 16 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 ball | amod |
| 17 | fluffy | fluffy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 ball | amod |
| 18 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 look | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 puffs | punct |
| 20 | puffs | puff | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 turns | conj |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 puffs | compound:prt |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 throat | nmod:poss |
| 23 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 puffs | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 fans | cc |
| 25 | fans | fan | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 puffs | conj |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 tail | nmod:poss |
| 27 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 fans | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 watch | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 watch | cc |
| 30 | females | female | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 watch | nsubj |
| 31 | watch | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 turns | conj |
| 32 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 males | amod |
| 33 | males | male | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 watch | obj |
| 34 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 35 choosing | mark |
| 35 | choosing | choose | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 watch | advcl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 turns | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | a male great bustard | Book's feathers | spring | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent feather=Theme | |||
| 2 | look | to-infinitive | a male great bustard not said here | like a white fluffy ball | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | puff up | present | a male great bustard not said here | Book's throat | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location throat=Source | ||||
| 4 | fan | present | a male great bustard not said here | Book's tail | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | watch | present | females | many males | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent male=Theme | ||||
| 6 | choose | gerund | females not said here | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova/16/