Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova, sentence 2
The steppe is flat grassland with no trees to hide behind, so its animals live by watching far, standing up tall and running into burrows.
Who acts: steppe, animals · What happens: be, hide behind, live, watch, stand up, run · To what, where: flat grassland, burrows
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (steppe, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 steppe | det |
| 2 | steppe | steppe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 grassland | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 grassland | cop |
| 4 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 grassland | amod |
| 5 | grassland | grassland | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 trees | case |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 trees | det |
| 8 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 grassland | nmod |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 hide | mark |
| 10 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 trees | acl |
| 11 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 10 hide | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 live | punct |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 live | advmod |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 animals | nmod:poss |
| 15 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 live | nsubj |
| 16 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 grassland | parataxis |
| 17 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 18 watching | mark |
| 18 | watching | watch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 live | advcl |
| 19 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 watching | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 standing | punct |
| 21 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 live | parataxis |
| 22 | up | up | ADV | _ | 21 standing | compound:prt |
| 23 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 standing | xcomp |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 running | cc |
| 25 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 standing | conj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 burrows | case |
| 27 | burrows | burrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 running | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 grassland | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the steppe | flat grassland | with no trees | tree rules | |||
| 2 | hide behind | to-infinitive | the steppe not said here | behind property | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | live | present | steppe's animals | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | watch | gerund | steppe's animals not said here | far property | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | stand up | gerund | tall property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | run | gerund | burrows | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into burrow=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova/2/