White storks: Ukraine's favourite birds and their journey to Africa, sentence 10

White storks are almost silent and clatter their bills to greet each other, while chicks hiss and mew before they learn to clatter.

Who acts: White storks, chicks, people · What happens: be, clatter, greet, hiss, mew, learn · To what, where: bills, each

This is a sentence of the lesson «White storks: Ukraine's favourite birds and their journey to Africa» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (White storks, chicks, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	White	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 storks	amod
2	storks	stork	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 silent	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 silent	cop
4	almost	almost	ADV	_	5 silent	advmod
5	silent	silent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 clatter	cc
7	clatter	clatter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 silent	conj
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 bills	nmod:poss
9	bills	bill	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 clatter	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 greet	mark
11	greet	greet	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 clatter	advcl
12	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	11 greet	obj
13	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 each	fixed
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 each	punct
15	while	while	SCONJ	_	17 hiss	mark
16	chicks	chick	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 hiss	nsubj
17	hiss	hiss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 greet	advcl
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 mew	cc
19	mew	mew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 hiss	conj
20	before	before	SCONJ	_	22 learn	mark
21	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 learn	nsubj
22	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 mew	ccomp
23	to	to	PART	_	24 clatter	mark
24	clatter	clatter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 learn	xcomp
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 silent	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	White storks		almost, silent property	tree rules
2	clatter	present	White storks not said here	people's bills		vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bill=Theme
3	greet speech: greet	to-infinitive	White storks not said here	each		vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme
4	hiss	present	chicks			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	mew	present	chicks not said here			tree rules
6	learn	present	chicks = chick			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	clatter	to-infinitive	chicks = chick not said here			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	bill		people			nom bill «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:375-white-storks-ukraine-s-favourite-birds-and-their-journey-to-africa.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/375-white-storks-ukraine-s-favourite-birds-and-their-journey-to-africa/10/