China's great rivers: the finless porpoise, the lost baiji, Chinese alligators and sturgeon, sentence 18
Some people think the Chinese alligator helped inspire dragon legends, but nobody knows for sure; Chinese dragons bring rain and live in rivers, and old books describe a river dragon called tuo.
Who acts: people, Chinese alligator, nobody, Chinese dragons, old books, river dragon · What happens: think, help, inspire, know, bring, live · To what, where: dragon legends, rain, rivers, river dragon, tuo · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «China's great rivers: the finless porpoise, the lost baiji, Chinese alligators and sturgeon» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Chinese alligator, nobody, Chinese dragons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 people | det |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 think | nsubj |
| 3 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 alligator | det |
| 5 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 alligator | amod |
| 6 | alligator | alligator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 helped | nsubj |
| 7 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 think | ccomp |
| 8 | inspire | inspire | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 helped | xcomp |
| 9 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 legends | compound |
| 10 | legends | legend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 inspire | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 knows | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 knows | cc |
| 13 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 14 knows | nsubj |
| 14 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 think | conj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 sure | case |
| 16 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 knows | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 bring | punct |
| 18 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 dragons | amod |
| 19 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 bring | nsubj |
| 20 | bring | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 think | parataxis |
| 21 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 bring | obj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 live | cc |
| 23 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 bring | conj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 rivers | case |
| 25 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 live | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 describe | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 describe | cc |
| 28 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 books | amod |
| 29 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 describe | nsubj |
| 30 | describe | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 think | parataxis |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 dragon | det |
| 32 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 dragon | compound |
| 33 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 describe | obj |
| 34 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 dragon | acl |
| 35 | tuo | tuo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 called | xcomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 think | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | some people | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | help | past | the Chinese alligator | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | inspire | infinitive | the Chinese alligator not said here | dragon legends | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus legend=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | know | present | nobody | for sure | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | bring | present | Chinese dragons | rain | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent rain=Theme | ||||
| 6 | live | present | Chinese dragons not said here | rivers | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location | ||||
| 7 | describe | present | old books | a river dragon | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent dragon=Theme | ||||
| 8 | call | participle | a river dragon not said here | tuo | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:379-china-s-great-rivers-the-finless-porpoise-the-lost-baiji-chinese-alligators-and-sturgeon.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/379-china-s-great-rivers-the-finless-porpoise-the-lost-baiji-chinese-alligators-and-sturgeon/18/