Spiders, scorpions and other eight-legged creatures, sentence 14

Baby spiders let out silk threads that catch the breeze and float away; this is called ballooning, and it lets them spread out so they do not all compete for the same food; some travel hundreds of kilometres, even far out to sea.

Who acts: Baby spiders, silk threads, breeze, Spiders, some · What happens: let out, catch, float away, call, balloon, let · To what, where: silk threads, breeze, travel hundreds, this, Spiders · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Spiders, scorpions and other eight-legged creatures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Baby spiders, silk threads, breeze, Spiders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spiders	compound
2	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 let	nsubj
3	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 let	compound:prt
5	silk	silk	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 threads	compound
6	threads	thread	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 let	obj
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 catch	nsubj
8	catch	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 threads	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 breeze	det
10	breeze	breeze	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 catch	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 float	cc
12	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 catch	conj
13	away	away	ADV	_	12 float	advmod
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 called	punct
15	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	17 called	nsubj:pass
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 called	aux:pass
17	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 float	advcl
18	ballooning	balloon	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 called	xcomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 lets	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 lets	cc
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 lets	nsubj
22	lets	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 called	conj
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 lets	obj
24	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 lets	xcomp
25	out	out	ADP	_	24 spread	compound:prt
26	so	so	SCONJ	_	31 compete	mark
27	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 compete	nsubj
28	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 compete	aux
29	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 compete	advmod
30	all	all	ADV	_	31 compete	advmod
31	compete	compete	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 spread	advcl
32	for	for	ADP	_	35 food	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 food	det
34	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 food	amod
35	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 compete	obl
36	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 hundreds	punct
37	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	38 travel	nsubj
38	travel	travel	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 hundreds	compound
39	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 float	obl
40	of	of	ADP	_	41 kilometres	case
41	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 hundreds	nmod
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 out	punct
43	even	even	ADV	_	44 far	advmod
44	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	45 out	advmod
45	out	out	ADV	_	12 float	parataxis
46	to	to	ADP	_	47 sea	case
47	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 out	obl
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 let	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	let out	present	Baby spiders	silk threads		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thread=Theme
2	catch	present	silk threads	the breeze		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breeze=Theme
3	float away	present	silk threads not said here	travel hundreds of kilometres	away property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	call	present · passive		this		tree rules
5	balloon	gerund				vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
6	let	present	breeze	Spiders = spider		tree rules
7	spread out	infinitive	Spiders = spider not said here			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	not compete	present · do-support	Spiders = spider		for the same food; all property	vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
9	travel		some			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:038-spiders-scorpions-and-eight-legged-creatures.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/38-spiders-scorpions-and-eight-legged-creatures/14/