The Chinese zodiac: the twelve real animals behind the signs, sentence 10

Water buffaloes pulled ploughs through wet rice fields in southern China for thousands of years; their wide hooves stop them sinking deep in mud.

Who acts: Water buffaloes, wide hooves · What happens: pull, stop, sink · To what, where: ploughs, wet rice fields, buffaloes, mud

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Chinese zodiac: the twelve real animals behind the signs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water buffaloes, wide hooves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 buffaloes	compound
2	buffaloes	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pulled	nsubj
3	pulled	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	ploughs	plough	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pulled	obj
5	through	through	ADP	_	8 fields	case
6	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 fields	amod
7	rice	rice	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fields	compound
8	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pulled	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 China	case
10	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 China	amod
11	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 fields	nmod
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 thousands	case
13	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pulled	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 years	case
15	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 thousands	nmod
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 stop	punct
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 hooves	nmod:poss
18	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 hooves	amod
19	hooves	hoof	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 stop	nsubj
20	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pulled	parataxis
21	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 stop	obj
22	sinking	sink	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 stop	xcomp
23	deep	deep	ADV	_	22 sinking	advmod
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 mud	case
25	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sinking	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 pulled	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	pull	past	Water buffaloes	ploughs	wet rice fields in southern China	for thousands of years	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent plough=Theme for thousand=Beneficiary
2	stop	present	buffaloes's wide hooves	buffaloes = buffalo			tree rules
3	sink	gerund	buffaloes's wide hooves not said here		mud	deep property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:382-the-chinese-zodiac-the-twelve-real-animals-behind-the-signs.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/382-the-chinese-zodiac-the-twelve-real-animals-behind-the-signs/10/