The Chinese zodiac: the twelve real animals behind the signs, sentence 13
The dark patches on the Moon are plains of old cooled lava, and people in China, Japan and Korea see a rabbit there, because our brains love finding faces and animal shapes in patterns; China named its Moon rovers Yutu, the jade rabbit.
Who acts: dark patches, people, brains, China · What happens: be, cool, see, love, find, name · To what, where: plains, rabbit, faces, Moon rovers
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Chinese zodiac: the twelve real animals behind the signs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dark patches, people, brains, China), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 patches | det |
| 2 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 patches | amod |
| 3 | patches | patch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 plains | nsubj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 Moon | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Moon | det |
| 6 | Moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 patches | nmod |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 plains | cop |
| 8 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 lava | case |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 lava | amod |
| 11 | cooled | cool | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 lava | amod |
| 12 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 plains | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 see | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 see | cc |
| 15 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 see | nsubj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 China | case |
| 17 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 people | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Japan | punct |
| 19 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 China | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 Korea | cc |
| 21 | Korea | Korea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 China | conj |
| 22 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 plains | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 rabbit | det |
| 24 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 see | obj |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 see | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 love | punct |
| 27 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 30 love | mark |
| 28 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 brains | nmod:poss |
| 29 | brains | brain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 love | nsubj |
| 30 | love | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 see | advcl |
| 31 | finding | find | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 love | xcomp |
| 32 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 finding | obj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 shapes | cc |
| 34 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 shapes | compound |
| 35 | shapes | shape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 faces | conj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 patterns | case |
| 37 | patterns | pattern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 shapes | nmod |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 named | punct |
| 39 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 named | nsubj |
| 40 | named | name | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 plains | parataxis |
| 41 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 rovers | nmod:poss |
| 42 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 rovers | compound |
| 43 | rovers | rover | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 named | obj |
| 44 | Yutu | Yutu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 rovers | appos |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 rabbit | punct |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 rabbit | det |
| 47 | jade | jade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 rabbit | compound |
| 48 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 Yutu | appos |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 plains | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the dark patches on the Moon | plains | of old cooled lava | tree rules | |||
| 2 | cool | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | see | present | people in China and Japan and Korea | a rabbit | there | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rabbit=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | love | present | our brains | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | find not said to happen | gerund | our brains not said here | faces and animal shapes in patterns | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Topic | ||||
| 6 | name | past | China | rabbit's Moon rovers | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rover=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:382-the-chinese-zodiac-the-twelve-real-animals-behind-the-signs.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/382-the-chinese-zodiac-the-twelve-real-animals-behind-the-signs/13/