Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus, sentence 18

A big body keeps heat in and is hard to attack, but it needs a lot of food, and giants have few babies.

Who acts: big body, body, giants · What happens: keep in, be, attack, need, have · To what, where: heat, lot, few babies

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big body, body, giants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 body	det
2	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 body	amod
3	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keeps	nsubj
4	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keeps	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	4 keeps	compound:prt
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hard	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 hard	cop
9	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 keeps	conj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 attack	mark
11	attack	attack	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 hard	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 needs	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 needs	cc
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 needs	nsubj
15	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 keeps	conj
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 lot	det
17	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 needs	obj
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 food	case
19	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 lot	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 have	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 have	cc
22	giants	giant	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 have	nsubj
23	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 keeps	conj
24	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 babies	amod
25	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 have	obj
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 keeps	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	keep in	present	a big body	heat		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme
2	is	present	a big body not said here		hard property	tree rules
3	attack	to-infinitive	a big body not said here			vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	need	present	body	a lot of food		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme
5	have	present	giants	few babies		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/18/