Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 14

The giant deer, often called the Irish elk, was not an elk and lived across Europe and Asia, but many of its best skeletons were dug out of Irish bogs; its antlers could be about three and a half metres wide, and males grew a new pair every year.

Who acts: giant deer, antlers, males · What happens: call, not be, live, dig out, be, grow · To what, where: Irish elk, elk, Europe, many, Irish bogs, new pair · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giant deer, antlers, males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 deer	det
2	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 deer	amod
3	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 elk	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 called	punct
5	often	often	ADV	_	6 called	advmod
6	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 deer	acl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 elk	det
8	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 elk	amod
9	elk	elk	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 called	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 deer	punct
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 elk	cop
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 elk	advmod
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 elk	det
14	elk	elk	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 lived	cc
16	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 elk	conj
17	across	across	ADP	_	18 Europe	case
18	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 lived	obl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 Asia	cc
20	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Europe	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 dug	punct
22	but	but	CCONJ	_	29 dug	cc
23	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 dug	nsubj
24	of	of	ADP	_	27 skeletons	case
25	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 skeletons	nmod:poss
26	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	27 skeletons	amod
27	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 many	nmod
28	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 dug	aux:pass
29	dug	dig	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 lived	conj
30	out	out	ADP	_	33 bogs	case
31	of	of	ADP	_	33 bogs	case
32	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 bogs	amod
33	bogs	bog	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 dug	obl
34	;	;	PUNCT	_	36 antlers	punct
35	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	36 antlers	nmod:poss
36	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 three	nsubj
37	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	40 three	aux
38	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	40 three	cop
39	about	about	ADP	_	40 three	case
40	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	29 dug	parataxis
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 metres	cc
42	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	43 half	det
43	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	44 metres	compound
44	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 three	conj
45	wide	wide	ADV	_	44 metres	advmod
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 grew	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 grew	cc
48	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	49 grew	nsubj
49	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 lived	conj
50	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	52 pair	det
51	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 pair	amod
52	pair	pair	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 grew	obj
53	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	54 year	det
54	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 grew	obl:unmarked
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 elk	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	participle	the giant deer not said here	the Irish elk			often property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not is a	past	the giant deer	a elk				tree rules
3	live	past	the giant deer not said here		Europe and Asia			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	dig out	past · passive		many of deer's best skeletons	Irish bogs			vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary bog=Result
5	is	could	deer's antlers				about three and half metres	tree rules
6	grow	past	males	a new pair		year		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pair=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/14/