Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish, sentence 17

The cuttlebone is a cuttlefish's inside shell, full of tiny chambers of gas and liquid that help it float or sink; budgies peck it for calcium.

Who acts: cuttlebone, tiny chambers, budgies · What happens: be, help, float, sink, peck · To what, where: inside shell, cuttlebone

This is a sentence of the lesson «Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cuttlebone, tiny chambers, budgies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cuttlebone	det
2	cuttlebone	cuttlebone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shell	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 shell	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cuttlefish	det
5	cuttlefish	cuttlefish	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shell	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 cuttlefish	case
7	inside	inside	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 shell	amod
8	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 full	punct
10	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 shell	amod
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 chambers	case
12	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 chambers	amod
13	chambers	chamber	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 full	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 gas	case
15	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 chambers	nmod
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 liquid	cc
17	liquid	liquid	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 gas	conj
18	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 help	nsubj
19	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 chambers	acl:relcl
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 float	nsubj
21	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 help	xcomp
22	or	or	CCONJ	_	23 sink	cc
23	sink	sink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 float	conj
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 peck	punct
25	budgies	budgie	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 peck	nsubj
26	peck	peck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 shell	parataxis
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 peck	obj
28	for	for	ADP	_	29 calcium	case
29	calcium	calcium	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 peck	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 shell	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the cuttlebone	a cuttlefish's inside shell		tree rules
2	help	present	tiny chambers of gas and liquid			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	float	infinitive	cuttlebone			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	sink	infinitive	cuttlebone not said here			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	peck	present	budgies	cuttlebone	for calcium	vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:039-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/17/