Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses, sentence 6

But we cannot ask an animal what it saw, so whether animals dream like us is a careful guess, not a fact.

Who acts: we, dog, animals · What happens: not ask, see, dream, be · To what, where: animal, careful guess · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, dog, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	5 ask	cc
2	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 ask	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 ask	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 ask	advmod
5	ask	ask	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ask	obj
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 saw	obj
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 saw	nsubj
10	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 ask	ccomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 dream	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	15 dream	advmod
13	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	15 dream	mark
14	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 dream	nsubj
15	dream	dream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 guess	csubj
16	like	like	ADP	_	17 us	case
17	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 dream	obl
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 guess	cop
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 guess	det
20	careful	careful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 guess	amod
21	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ask	parataxis
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 fact	punct
23	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	25 fact	advmod
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 fact	det
25	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 guess	conj
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 ask	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	not ask speech: ask	can	we		a animal		vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient clause=Topic
2	see	past	dog				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus
3	dream	present	animals			like us	vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
4	is a	present		a careful guess and a fact			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

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