Poo, wee and smells: rabbits that eat their droppings, dung beetles and the smelliest animals, sentence 15
Huge brown or pink stains of penguin droppings can be seen on satellite photos of the ice, and scientists use them to find and count penguin colonies; the colour comes from the krill and fish penguins eat.
Who acts: scientists, colour, penguins · What happens: see, use, find, count, come, eat · To what, where: Huge brown stains, satellite photos, droppings, penguin colonies, krill, fish
This is a sentence of the lesson «Poo, wee and smells: rabbits that eat their droppings, dung beetles and the smelliest animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, colour, penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stains | amod |
| 2 | brown | brown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stains | amod |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 pink | cc |
| 4 | pink | pink | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 brown | conj |
| 5 | stains | stain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 seen | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 droppings | case |
| 7 | penguin | penguin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 droppings | compound |
| 8 | droppings | dropping | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 stains | nmod |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 seen | aux |
| 10 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 seen | aux:pass |
| 11 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 photos | case |
| 13 | satellite | satellite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 photos | compound |
| 14 | photos | photo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 seen | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 ice | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 ice | det |
| 17 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 photos | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 use | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 use | cc |
| 20 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 use | nsubj |
| 21 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 seen | conj |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 use | obj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 find | mark |
| 24 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 use | xcomp |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 count | cc |
| 26 | count | count | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 find | conj |
| 27 | penguin | penguin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 colonies | compound |
| 28 | colonies | colony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 count | obj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 comes | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 colour | det |
| 31 | colour | colour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 comes | nsubj |
| 32 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 seen | parataxis |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 35 krill | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 krill | det |
| 35 | krill | krill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 comes | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 fish | cc |
| 37 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 krill | conj |
| 38 | penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 eat | nsubj |
| 39 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 fish | acl:relcl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | can · passive | Huge brown stains of penguin droppings | satellite photos of the ice | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | use | present | scientists | droppings = dropping | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Theme clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | find | to-infinitive | scientists not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | count | infinitive | scientists not said here | penguin colonies | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colony=Theme | ||||
| 5 | come | present | the colour | the krill and fish | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from krill=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | eat | present | penguins | fish not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:398-poo-wee-and-smells-rabbits-that-eat-their-droppings-dung-beetles-and-the-smelliest-animals.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/398-poo-wee-and-smells-rabbits-that-eat-their-droppings-dung-beetles-and-the-smelliest-animals/15/