The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds, sentence 9

The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 km per hour in short bursts, but it tires after a few hundred metres and often loses its catch to lions or hyenas.

Who acts: cheetah, evidence · What happens: be, reach, tire, lose · To what, where: fastest land animal, 100 km, short bursts, catch

This is a sentence of the lesson «The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cheetah, evidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cheetah	det
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 animal	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 animal	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 animal	det
5	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 animal	amod
6	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 animal	compound
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 reaching	punct
9	reaching	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 animal	advcl
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 100	advmod
11	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 km	nummod
12	km	km	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 reaching	obj
13	per	per	ADP	_	14 hour	case
14	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 km	nmod
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 bursts	case
16	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 bursts	amod
17	bursts	burst	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 reaching	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 tires	punct
19	but	but	CCONJ	_	21 tires	cc
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 tires	nsubj
21	tires	tire	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 animal	conj
22	after	after	ADP	_	26 metres	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 metres	det
24	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 metres	amod
25	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	26 metres	nummod
26	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 tires	obl
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 loses	cc
28	often	often	ADV	_	29 loses	advmod
29	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 tires	conj
30	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	31 catch	nmod:poss
31	catch	catch	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 loses	obj
32	to	to	ADP	_	33 lions	case
33	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 loses	obl
34	or	or	CCONJ	_	35 hyenas	cc
35	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 lions	conj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 animal	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the cheetah	the fastest land animal				tree rules
2	reach	gerund	the cheetah not said here	100 km	short bursts	per hour		vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent km=Theme
3	tire	present	evidence			after a few hundred metres		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus
4	lose	present	evidence not said here	evidence's catch			to lions or hyenas; often property	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent catch=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:004-the-savanna.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/9/