Wonderland's sea creatures and made-up ones: lobsters, whiting, turtles, the Mock Turtle, the Gryphon and the Caterpillar, sentence 12
Sea turtles really do seem to cry: glands near their eyes push out the extra salt from the seawater they swallow, so salty «tears» run down their faces, but not from sadness.
Who acts: Sea turtles, glands, salty tears · What happens: seem, cry, push out, swallow, run down · To what, where: sadness, extra salt, seawater, faces
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wonderland's sea creatures and made-up ones: lobsters, whiting, turtles, the Mock Turtle, the Gryphon and the Caterpillar» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sea turtles, glands, salty tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 turtles | compound |
| 2 | turtles | turtle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 seem | nsubj |
| 3 | really | really | ADV | _ | 5 seem | advmod |
| 4 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 seem | aux |
| 5 | seem | seem | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 cry | mark |
| 7 | cry | cry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 seem | xcomp |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 glands | punct |
| 9 | glands | gland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 push | nsubj |
| 10 | near | near | ADP | _ | 12 eyes | case |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 12 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 glands | nmod |
| 13 | push | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 seem | parataxis |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 13 push | compound:prt |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 salt | det |
| 16 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 salt | amod |
| 17 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 push | obj |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 seawater | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 seawater | det |
| 20 | seawater | seawater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 salt | nmod |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 swallow | nsubj |
| 22 | swallow | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 seawater | acl:relcl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 salty | punct |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 salty | advmod |
| 25 | salty | salty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 tears | amod |
| 26 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 27 tears | punct |
| 27 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 run | nsubj |
| 28 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 27 tears | punct |
| 29 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 push | conj |
| 30 | down | down | ADP | _ | 29 run | compound:prt |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 faces | nmod:poss |
| 32 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 run | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 sadness | punct |
| 34 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 sadness | cc |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 sadness | advmod |
| 36 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 sadness | case |
| 37 | sadness | sadness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 seem | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 seem | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seem | present · do-support | Sea turtles | sadness | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | to-infinitive | Sea turtles not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | push out | present | glands near glands's eyes | the extra salt | the seawater | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent salt=Theme from seawater=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | swallow | present | glands = gland | the seawater not said here | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seawater=Patient | ||||
| 5 | run down | infinitive | salty tears | tears's faces | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location face=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:402-wonderland-sea-creatures-and-made-up-ones-lobster-whiting-turtle-mock-turtle-gryphon.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/402-wonderland-sea-creatures-and-made-up-ones-lobster-whiting-turtle-mock-turtle-gryphon/12/