Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, teeth, sentence 8
An elephant has 1 trunk, its nose and upper lip joined into one boneless tube with tens of thousands of muscle bundles, often counted at about 40,000; it sucks up a few litres of water at a time and squirts it into its mouth.
Who acts: elephant · What happens: have, join, count, suck up, squirt · To what, where: 1 trunk, upper lip, muscle bundles, 40,000, few litres, elephant
This is a sentence of the lesson «Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 elephant | det |
| 2 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 trunk | nummod |
| 5 | trunk | trunk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 nose | punct |
| 7 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 nose | nmod:poss |
| 8 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 trunk | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 lip | cc |
| 10 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 lip | amod |
| 11 | lip | lip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 nose | conj |
| 12 | joined | join | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 lip | acl |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 tube | case |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 tube | nummod |
| 15 | boneless | boneless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 tube | amod |
| 16 | tube | tube | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 joined | obl |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 tens | case |
| 18 | tens | ten | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 tube | nmod |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 thousands | case |
| 20 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 tens | nmod |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 bundles | case |
| 22 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bundles | compound |
| 23 | bundles | bundle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 thousands | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 counted | punct |
| 25 | often | often | ADV | _ | 26 counted | advmod |
| 26 | counted | count | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 bundles | acl |
| 27 | at | at | ADP | _ | 29 40,000 | case |
| 28 | about | about | ADV | _ | 29 40,000 | advmod |
| 29 | 40,000 | 40000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 counted | obl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 sucks | punct |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 sucks | nsubj |
| 32 | sucks | suck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| 33 | up | up | ADP | _ | 32 sucks | compound:prt |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 litres | det |
| 35 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 litres | amod |
| 36 | litres | litre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 sucks | obj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 water | case |
| 38 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 litres | nmod |
| 39 | at | at | ADP | _ | 41 time | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 time | det |
| 41 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sucks | obl |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 squirts | cc |
| 43 | squirts | squirt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 sucks | conj |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 squirts | obj |
| 45 | into | into | ADP | _ | 47 mouth | case |
| 46 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 47 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 squirts | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a elephant | 1 trunk and elephant's nose and upper lip | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trunk=Patient | ||||
| 2 | join | participle | upper lip not said here | into one boneless tube with tens of thousands of muscle bundles | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient into tube=Co-Patient | ||||
| 3 | count | participle | muscle bundles not said here | 40,000 | often property | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | suck up | present | elephant | a few litres of water | time | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent litre=Source | |||
| 5 | squirt | present | elephant not said here | elephant | elephant's mouth | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme into mouth=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:041-counting-animals.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/41-counting-animals/8/