The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp, sentence 1
The axolotl is a salamander that never grows up: it keeps its baby gills, the feathery frills on its head, and stays in water all its life, smiling a smile that is only the shape of its mouth.
Who acts: axolotl, salamander, smile · What happens: be, not grow up, keep, stay, smile · To what, where: salamander, baby gills, life, water, smile, shape
This is a sentence of the lesson «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (axolotl, salamander, smile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 axolotl | det |
| 2 | axolotl | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 salamander | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 salamander | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 salamander | det |
| 5 | salamander | salamander | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 grows | nsubj |
| 7 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 8 grows | advmod |
| 8 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 salamander | acl:relcl |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 grows | compound:prt |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 keeps | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 keeps | nsubj |
| 12 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 grows | conj |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 gills | nmod:poss |
| 14 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 gills | compound |
| 15 | gills | gill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 keeps | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 frills | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 frills | det |
| 18 | feathery | feathery | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 frills | amod |
| 19 | frills | frill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 gills | conj |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 head | case |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 head | nmod:poss |
| 22 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 frills | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 stays | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 stays | cc |
| 25 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 keeps | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 water | case |
| 27 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 stays | obl |
| 28 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 life | det |
| 29 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 life | nmod:poss |
| 30 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 stays | obl:unmarked |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 smiling | punct |
| 32 | smiling | smile | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 stays | advcl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 smile | det |
| 34 | smile | smile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 smiling | obj |
| 35 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 shape | nsubj |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 shape | cop |
| 37 | only | only | ADV | _ | 39 shape | advmod |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 shape | det |
| 39 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 smile | acl:relcl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 mouth | case |
| 41 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 42 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 shape | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 salamander | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the axolotl | a salamander | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not grow up | present | a salamander | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | keep | present | axolotl | axolotl's baby gills and the feathery frills on axolotl's head | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gill=Theme | ||||
| 4 | stay | present | axolotl not said here | axolotl's life | water | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location | |||
| 5 | smile | gerund | axolotl not said here | a smile | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smile=Topic | ||||
| 6 | is a | present | a smile | the shape | of axolotl's mouth | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/1/