The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp, sentence 8

Tardigrades, or water bears, are about half a millimetre long, have 8 stumpy legs ending in claws that grip moss and grains of soil so they are not washed away, and live in moss, soil, ponds and the sea; over 1,000 kinds are known.

Who acts: Tardigrades, 8 stumpy legs, claws · What happens: be, have, end, grip, not wash away, live · To what, where: 8 stumpy legs, claws, moss, legs, 1,000 kinds

This is a sentence of the lesson «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tardigrades, 8 stumpy legs, claws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tardigrades	tardigrade	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 long	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 bears	punct
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 bears	cc
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bears	compound
5	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Tardigrades	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Tardigrades	punct
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 long	cop
8	about	about	ADV	_	11 millimetre	advmod
9	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	11 millimetre	det:predet
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 millimetre	det
11	millimetre	millimetre	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 long	obl:unmarked
12	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 have	punct
14	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 long	conj
15	8	8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 legs	nummod
16	stumpy	stumpy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 legs	amod
17	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 have	obj
18	ending	end	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 legs	acl
19	in	in	ADP	_	20 claws	case
20	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 ending	obl
21	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 grip	nsubj
22	grip	grip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 claws	acl:relcl
23	moss	moss	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 grip	obj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 grains	cc
25	grains	grain	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 moss	conj
26	of	of	ADP	_	27 soil	case
27	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 grains	nmod
28	so	so	ADV	_	32 washed	mark
29	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 washed	nsubj:pass
30	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 washed	aux:pass
31	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	32 washed	advmod
32	washed	wash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 grip	advcl
33	away	away	ADV	_	32 washed	advmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 live	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 live	cc
36	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 have	conj
37	in	in	ADP	_	38 moss	case
38	moss	moss	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 live	obl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 soil	punct
40	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 moss	conj
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 ponds	punct
42	ponds	pond	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 moss	conj
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 sea	cc
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 sea	det
45	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 moss	conj
46	;	;	PUNCT	_	51 known	punct
47	over	over	ADV	_	48 1,000	advmod
48	1,000	1000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	49 kinds	nummod
49	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	51 known	nsubj:pass
50	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	51 known	aux:pass
51	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 long	parataxis
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 long	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Tardigrades or water bears			half millimetre obl:unmarked; long property	tree rules
2	have	present	Tardigrades or water bears not said here	8 stumpy legs			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
3	end	gerund	8 stumpy legs not said here		claws		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
4	grip	present	claws	moss and grains of soil			vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moss=Experiencer
5	not wash away	present · passive		legs = leg		away property	vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
6	live	present	Tardigrades or water bears not said here		moss and soil and ponds and the sea		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in moss=Location
7	know	present · passive		1,000 kinds			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/8/