More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe, sentence 13

An electric eel can make shocks of up to about 860 volts in one kind described in 2019, from many small electric cells firing together; it is really a knifefish, related to catfish and carp, not a true eel, and it lives in muddy South American rivers.

Who acts: electric eel, many small electric cells, eel · What happens: make, describe, fire, be, live, shock · To what, where: shocks, one kind, 2019, knifefish, muddy South American rivers, 860 volts

This is a sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (electric eel, many small electric cells, eel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 eel	det
2	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 eel	amod
3	eel	eel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 make	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 make	aux
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	shocks	shock	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	12 volts	case
8	up	up	ADP	_	12 volts	case
9	to	to	ADP	_	12 volts	case
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 860	advmod
11	860	860	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 volts	nummod
12	volts	volt	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 shocks	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 kind	case
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 kind	nummod
15	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 volts	nmod
16	described	describe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 kind	acl
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 2019	case
18	2019	2019	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 described	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 firing	punct
20	from	from	SCONJ	_	25 firing	mark
21	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 cells	amod
22	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 cells	amod
23	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 cells	amod
24	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 firing	nsubj
25	firing	fire	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 make	advcl
26	together	together	ADV	_	25 firing	advmod
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 knifefish	punct
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 knifefish	nsubj
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 knifefish	cop
30	really	really	ADV	_	32 knifefish	advmod
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 knifefish	det
32	knifefish	knifefish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 make	parataxis
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 related	punct
34	related	related	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 knifefish	amod
35	to	to	ADP	_	36 catfish	case
36	catfish	catfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 related	obl
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 carp	cc
38	carp	carp	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 catfish	conj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 eel	punct
40	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	43 eel	advmod
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	43 eel	det
42	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 eel	amod
43	eel	eel	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 knifefish	conj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 lives	punct
45	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 lives	cc
46	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 lives	nsubj
47	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	conj
48	in	in	ADP	_	52 rivers	case
49	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 rivers	amod
50	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	52 rivers	compound
51	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 rivers	amod
52	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 lives	obl
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 make	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	can	a electric eel	shocks of 860 volts in one kind			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset shock=Product
2	describe	participle		one kind not said here	2019		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
3	fire	gerund	many small electric cells			together property	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	is a	present	eel	a knifefish and a true eel			tree rules
5	live	present	eel		muddy South American rivers		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location
6	shock			860 volts in one kind			nom shock «feeling transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/13/