More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe, sentence 16

A giraffe is up to about 5.5 metres tall; its heart weighs about 11 kg, strong enough to push blood all the way up the long neck to its brain, and to drink it must splay its legs, which leaves it open to lions, so it often gets water from leaves instead.

Who acts: giraffe, heart · What happens: be, weigh, push, drink, splay, leave · To what, where: 11 kg, blood, long neck, legs, giraffe, water

This is a sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giraffe, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 giraffe	det
2	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tall	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 tall	cop
4	up	up	ADV	_	7 5.5	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 5.5	case
6	about	about	ADV	_	7 5.5	advmod
7	5.5	5.5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac	8 metres	nummod
8	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 tall	obl:unmarked
9	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 kg	punct
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 heart	nmod:poss
12	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 weighs	nsubj
13	weighs	weigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 tall	parataxis
14	about	about	ADV	_	15 11	advmod
15	11	11	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 kg	nummod
16	kg	kg	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 weighs	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 strong	punct
18	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 tall	conj
19	enough	enough	ADV	_	18 strong	advmod
20	to	to	PART	_	21 push	mark
21	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 strong	advcl
22	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 push	obj
23	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	25 way	det:predet
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 way	det
25	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 push	obl:unmarked
26	up	up	ADP	_	29 neck	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 neck	det
28	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 neck	amod
29	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 push	obl
30	to	to	ADP	_	32 brain	case
31	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 brain	nmod:poss
32	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 neck	nmod
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 splay	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 splay	cc
35	to	to	PART	_	36 drink	mark
36	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 splay	advcl
37	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 splay	nsubj
38	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	39 splay	aux
39	splay	splay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 weighs	conj
40	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	41 legs	nmod:poss
41	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 splay	obj
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 leaves	punct
43	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	44 leaves	nsubj
44	leaves	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 splay	advcl
45	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 leaves	obj
46	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 leaves	xcomp
47	to	to	ADP	_	48 lions	case
48	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	46 open	obl
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 gets	punct
50	so	so	ADV	_	53 gets	advmod
51	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	53 gets	nsubj
52	often	often	ADV	_	53 gets	advmod
53	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 splay	parataxis
54	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 gets	obj
55	from	from	ADP	_	56 leaves	case
56	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	53 gets	obl
57	instead	instead	ADV	_	53 gets	advmod
58	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 tall	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	a giraffe			5.5 metres obl:unmarked; tall property	tree rules
2	weigh	present	giraffe's heart	11 kg			vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kg=Value
3	be		a giraffe not said here			enough property	tree rules
4	push	to-infinitive	a giraffe not said here	blood	the long neck to giraffe's brain	all way obl:unmarked	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent blood=Theme up neck=Trajectory
5	drink	to-infinitive	giraffe not said here				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	splay	must	giraffe	giraffe's legs			vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
7	leave	present		giraffe		open property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
8	get	present	giraffe	water	leaves	instead, often property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent water=Theme from leaf=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/16/