More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe, sentence 9

Narwhals dive to about 1,500 metres or more under the Arctic sea ice to hunt halibut, squid and shrimps, and must find cracks in the ice to breathe.

Who acts: Narwhals, cracks · What happens: dive, hunt, find, breathe · To what, where: Arctic sea ice, halibut, cracks, ice

This is a sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Narwhals, cracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Narwhals	narwhal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 dive	nsubj
2	dive	dive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 metres	case
4	about	about	ADV	_	5 1,500	advmod
5	1,500	1,500	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 metres	nummod
6	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 dive	obl
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 more	cc
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 metres	conj
9	under	under	ADP	_	13 ice	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 ice	det
11	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ice	amod
12	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ice	compound
13	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dive	obl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 hunt	mark
15	hunt	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 dive	advcl
16	halibut	halibut	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 hunt	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 squid	punct
18	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 halibut	conj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 shrimps	cc
20	shrimps	shrimp	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 halibut	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 find	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 find	cc
23	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 find	aux
24	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 dive	conj
25	cracks	crack	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 find	obj
26	in	in	ADP	_	28 ice	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 ice	det
28	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 cracks	nmod
29	to	to	PART	_	30 breathe	mark
30	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 find	xcomp
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 dive	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	dive	present	Narwhals		the Arctic sea ice	to 1,500 metres	vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to metre=Location
2	hunt	to-infinitive	Narwhals not said here	halibut and squid and shrimps			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent halibut=Theme
3	find	must	Narwhals not said here	cracks	the ice		vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent crack=Attribute clause=Theme
4	breathe	to-infinitive	cracks not said here				vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/9/