Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters, sentence 0

Almost every meal on Earth starts with sunlight: green plants and algae catch the Sun's energy and build food from water and carbon dioxide, and every animal lives by eating plants or eating something that ate plants.

Who acts: meal, green plants, animal · What happens: start, catch, build, live, eat · To what, where: energy, food, water, plants, something

This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (meal, green plants, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Almost	almost	ADV	_	3 meal	advmod
2	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	3 meal	det
3	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 starts	nsubj
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 Earth	case
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 meal	nmod
6	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 sunlight	case
8	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 starts	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 starts	punct
10	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 plants	amod
11	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 catch	nsubj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 algae	cc
13	algae	alga	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 plants	conj
14	catch	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 starts	parataxis
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Sun	det
16	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 energy	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 Sun	case
18	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 catch	obj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 build	cc
20	build	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 catch	conj
21	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 build	obj
22	from	from	ADP	_	23 water	case
23	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 build	obl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 dioxide	cc
25	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 dioxide	compound
26	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 water	conj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 lives	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 lives	cc
29	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	30 animal	det
30	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 lives	nsubj
31	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 starts	conj
32	by	by	SCONJ	_	33 eating	mark
33	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	31 lives	advcl
34	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 eating	obj
35	or	or	CCONJ	_	36 eating	cc
36	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	33 eating	conj
37	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	36 eating	obj
38	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	39 ate	nsubj
39	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 something	acl:relcl
40	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 ate	obj
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 starts	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	start	present	every meal on Earth			with sunlight	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with sunlight=Subeventuality
2	catch	present	green plants and algae	the Sun's energy			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
3	build	present	green plants and algae not said here	food	water and carbon dioxide		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from water=Material
4	live	present	every animal				vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	eat	gerund	every animal not said here	plants			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient
6	eat	gerund	every animal not said here	something			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
7	eat	past		plants			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:046-food-chains.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/0/