Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents, sentence 0

Animals have babies in three main ways: they lay eggs that hatch outside, they give birth to live young that grew inside the mother, or, like kangaroos, they give birth to tiny babies that finish growing in a pouch.

Who acts: Animals, eggs, live young, tiny babies · What happens: have, lay, hatch, give, grow, finish · To what, where: babies, three main ways, eggs, birth, tiny babies, pouch

This is a sentence of the lesson «Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, eggs, live young, tiny babies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 ways	case
5	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 ways	nummod
6	main	main	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ways	amod
7	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 lay	punct
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 lay	nsubj
10	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	parataxis
11	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lay	obj
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 hatch	nsubj
13	hatch	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 eggs	acl:relcl
14	outside	outside	ADV	_	13 hatch	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 give	punct
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 give	nsubj
17	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 lay	conj
18	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 give	obj
19	to	to	PART	_	20 live	mark
20	live	live	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 young	amod
21	young	young	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 give	obl
22	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 grew	nsubj
23	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 young	acl:relcl
24	inside	inside	ADP	_	26 mother	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 mother	det
26	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 grew	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 give	punct
28	or	or	CCONJ	_	34 give	cc
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 kangaroos	punct
30	like	like	ADP	_	31 kangaroos	case
31	kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 give	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 kangaroos	punct
33	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 give	nsubj
34	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	conj
35	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 give	obj
36	to	to	ADP	_	38 babies	case
37	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 babies	amod
38	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 give	obl
39	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	40 finish	nsubj
40	finish	finish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 babies	acl:relcl
41	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	40 finish	xcomp
42	in	in	ADP	_	44 pouch	case
43	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	44 pouch	det
44	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 growing	obl
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	Animals	babies		three main ways		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient
2	lay	present	Animals = animal	eggs				vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
3	hatch	present	eggs				outside property	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient
4	give	present	Animals = animal	birth			live young obl	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme
5	grow	past	live young				inside the mother	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside mother=Location
6	give	present	Animals = animal	birth	tiny babies		like kangaroos	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent birth=Theme to baby=Recipient
7	finish	present	tiny babies					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
8	grow	gerund	tiny babies not said here			a pouch		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:049-babies.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/0/