Migration: the great journeys, sentence 11

Geese fly in a V shape; each bird gets a little lift from the air swirling off the wing tips of the bird in front, and they take turns at the front.

Who acts: Geese, bird, little lift · What happens: fly, get, swirl, take · To what, where: V shape, little lift, air, wing tips, turns, front

This is a sentence of the lesson «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Geese, bird, little lift), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Geese	geese	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fly	nsubj
2	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 gets	conj
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 shape	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shape	det
5	V	v	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shape	compound
6	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fly	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 bird	punct
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 bird	det
9	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gets	nsubj
10	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 lift	det
12	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 lift	amod
13	lift	lift	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gets	obj
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 air	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 air	det
16	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lift	nmod
17	swirling	swirl	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 lift	acl
18	off	off	ADP	_	21 tips	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 tips	det
20	wing	wing	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 tips	compound
21	tips	tip	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 swirling	obl
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 bird	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 bird	det
24	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 tips	nmod
25	in	in	ADP	_	26 front	case
26	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 tips	nmod
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 take	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 take	cc
29	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 take	nsubj
30	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 gets	conj
31	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 take	obj
32	at	at	ADP	_	34 front	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 front	det
34	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 take	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 fly	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	fly	present	Geese		a V shape	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shape=Location
2	get	present	each bird	a little lift	the air	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent lift=Theme from air=Source
3	swirl	gerund	a little lift not said here		the wing tips of the bird in front	vn coil-9.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme off tip=Destination
4	take	present	Geese	turns	the front	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent turn=Theme at front=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/11/