Sleep and hibernation, sentence 6

Bears sleep through winter in dens living on their fat; their temperature drops only a little, mothers give birth in the den and make milk for the cubs from their stored fat, a bear wakes up thin and hungry in spring, and it can go months without eating, drinking or going to the toilet.

Who acts: Bears, dens, temperature, mothers, bear · What happens: sleep, live, drop, give, make, store · To what, where: dens, fat, little, birth, den, milk

This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bears, dens, temperature, mothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sleep	nsubj
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	4 winter	case
4	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sleep	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 dens	case
6	dens	den	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sleep	obl
7	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 dens	acl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 fat	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 fat	nmod:poss
10	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 living	obl
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 drops	punct
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 temperature	nmod:poss
13	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 drops	nsubj
14	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sleep	parataxis
15	only	only	ADV	_	17 little	advmod
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 little	det
17	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 drops	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 give	punct
19	mothers	mother	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 give	nsubj
20	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sleep	conj
21	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 give	obj
22	in	in	ADP	_	24 den	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 den	det
24	den	den	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 give	obl
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 make	cc
26	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 give	conj
27	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 make	obj
28	for	for	ADP	_	30 cubs	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 cubs	det
30	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 make	obl
31	from	from	ADP	_	34 fat	case
32	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	34 fat	nmod:poss
33	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	34 fat	amod
34	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 cubs	nmod
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 wakes	punct
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 bear	det
37	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 wakes	nsubj
38	wakes	wake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 make	advcl
39	up	up	ADP	_	38 wakes	compound:prt
40	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 wakes	xcomp
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 hungry	cc
42	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 thin	conj
43	in	in	ADP	_	44 spring	case
44	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 wakes	obl
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 go	punct
46	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 go	cc
47	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 go	nsubj
48	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	49 go	aux
49	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 give	parataxis
50	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	49 go	obl:unmarked
51	without	without	SCONJ	_	52 eating	mark
52	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	49 go	advcl
53	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 drinking	punct
54	drinking	drink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	52 eating	conj
55	or	or	CCONJ	_	56 going	cc
56	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	52 eating	conj
57	to	to	ADP	_	59 toilet	case
58	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	59 toilet	det
59	toilet	toilet	NOUN	Number=Sing	56 going	obl
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sleep	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	Bears		dens	winter		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in den=Location
2	live	gerund	dens not said here		bears's fat			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on fat=Location
3	drop	present	bears's temperature	a little				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
4	give	present	mothers	birth	the den			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme
5	make	present	mothers not said here	milk			for the cubs from bears's stored fat	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent milk=Material for cub=Beneficiary
6	store	participle						vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
7	wake up	present	a bear			spring	thin property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
8	go	can	temperature			month		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	eat	gerund	temperature not said here					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
10	drink	gerund	temperature not said here					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
11	go	gerund	temperature not said here		the toilet			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to toilet=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/6/