The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world, sentence 8

Walruses use their tusks, up to about 1 metre long, to haul out onto ice and to show who is boss, and find clams on the seabed with sensitive whiskers.

Who acts: Walruses · What happens: use, haul out, show, be, find · To what, where: tusks, ice, boss, clams, seabed · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Walruses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walruses	walrus	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	nsubj
2	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 tusks	nmod:poss
4	tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 up	punct
6	up	up	ADV	_	11 long	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 metre	case
8	about	about	ADV	_	9 1	advmod
9	1	1	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 metre	nummod
10	metre	metre	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 long	obl
11	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tusks	amod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 haul	punct
13	to	to	PART	_	14 haul	mark
14	haul	haul	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 use	advcl
15	out	out	ADV	_	14 haul	advmod
16	onto	onto	ADP	_	17 ice	case
17	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 haul	obl
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 show	cc
19	to	to	PART	_	20 show	mark
20	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 haul	conj
21	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 boss	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 boss	cop
23	boss	boss	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 show	ccomp
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 find	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 find	cc
26	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 use	conj
27	clams	clam	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 find	obj
28	on	on	ADP	_	30 seabed	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 seabed	det
30	seabed	seabed	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 find	obl
31	with	with	ADP	_	33 whiskers	case
32	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 whiskers	amod
33	whiskers	whisker	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 find	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 use	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	use	present	Walruses	Walruses's tusks			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tusk=Patient
2	haul out	to-infinitive	Walruses not said here		ice	out property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	show	to-infinitive	Walruses not said here				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a	present		boss			tree rules
5	find	infinitive	Walruses not said here	clams	the seabed	with sensitive whiskers	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clam=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/8/