Carnivorous and strange plants, sentence 7

Each flytrap can only close a few times before it dies off, so closing on nothing wastes its energy, and food that is too big, like a lump of meat, makes the trap rot.

Who acts: flytrap, closing, food · What happens: close, die off, waste, be, make · To what, where: nothing, energy, trap rot

This is a sentence of the lesson «Carnivorous and strange plants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flytrap, closing, food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 flytrap	det
2	flytrap	flytrap	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 close	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 close	aux
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 close	advmod
5	close	close	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 times	det
7	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 times	amod
8	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 close	obl:unmarked
9	before	before	SCONJ	_	11 dies	mark
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 dies	nsubj
11	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 close	advcl
12	off	off	ADP	_	11 dies	compound:prt
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 closing	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	18 wastes	advmod
15	closing	close	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 wastes	csubj
16	on	on	ADP	_	17 nothing	case
17	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	15 closing	obl
18	wastes	waste	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 close	parataxis
19	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 energy	nmod:poss
20	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 wastes	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 makes	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 makes	cc
23	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 makes	nsubj
24	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 big	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 big	cop
26	too	too	ADV	_	27 big	advmod
27	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 food	acl:relcl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 lump	punct
29	like	like	ADP	_	31 lump	case
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 lump	det
31	lump	lump	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 big	obl
32	of	of	ADP	_	33 meat	case
33	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 lump	nmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 makes	punct
35	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 wastes	conj
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 rot	det
37	trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 rot	compound
38	rot	rot	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 makes	obj
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 close	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	close	can	each flytrap			time		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	die off	present	flytrap					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	close	gerund			nothing			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	waste	present	closing	flytrap's energy				vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient
5	is	present	food				like a lump of meat; big property	tree rules
6	make	present	food	the trap rot				vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material rot=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:061-carnivorous-and-strange-plants.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/61-carnivorous-and-strange-plants/7/