Digestion: the journey of a sandwich, sentence 12

The inside of the small intestine is covered in millions of tiny finger-like folds called villi, which give it a huge surface for soaking up food.

Who acts: tiny finger like folds, huge surface · What happens: cover, call, give, soak up · To what, where: inside, villi, huge surface, intestine, food · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Digestion: the journey of a sandwich» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tiny finger like folds, huge surface), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 inside	det
2	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 covered	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 intestine	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 intestine	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 intestine	amod
6	intestine	intestine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 inside	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 covered	aux:pass
8	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 millions	case
10	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 covered	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	16 folds	case
12	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 folds	amod
13	finger	finger	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 folds	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	16 folds	punct
15	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 folds	amod
16	folds	fold	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 millions	nmod
17	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 folds	acl
18	villi	villus	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 called	xcomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 give	punct
20	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 give	nsubj
21	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 folds	acl:relcl
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 give	iobj
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 surface	det
24	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 surface	amod
25	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 give	obj
26	for	for	SCONJ	_	27 soaking	mark
27	soaking	soak	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	25 surface	acl
28	up	up	ADP	_	27 soaking	compound:prt
29	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 soaking	obj
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 covered	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		the inside of the small intestine		in millions of tiny finger like folds	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in million=Theme
2	call	participle	tiny finger like folds not said here	villi			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	give	present	tiny finger like folds	a huge surface	intestine		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient surface=Theme
4	soak up	gerund	a huge surface not said here	food			vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent food=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:067-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/12/