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The brain and nerves, sentence 15

Brain freeze happens when very cold food chills the roof of the mouth quickly; blood vessels there change size and nerves send a pain signal felt in the forehead; slowing down and warming the roof of the mouth with your tongue makes it pass soon.

Who acts: Brain freeze, cold food, blood vessels, nerves, slowing, roof · What happens: happen, chill, change, send, feel, slow down · To what, where: roof, size, pain signal

This is a sentence of the lesson «The brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brain freeze, cold food, blood vessels, nerves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

compoundnsubjadvmodadvmodamodnsubjadvcldetobjcasedetnmodadvmodpunctcompoundnsubjadvmodparataxisobjccnsubjconjdetcompoundobjaclcasedetoblpunctcsubjcompound:prtccconjdetobjcasedetnmodcasenmod:possoblparataxisobjxcompadvmodpunctrootBrainNOUNfreezeNOUNhappensVERBwhenADVveryADVcoldADJfoodNOUNchillsVERBtheDETroofNOUNofADPtheDETmouthNOUNquicklyADV;PUNCTbloodNOUNvesselsNOUNthereADVchangeVERBsizeNOUNandCCONJnervesNOUNsendVERBaDETpainNOUNsignalNOUNfeltVERBinADPtheDETforeheadNOUN;PUNCTslowingVERBdownADPandCCONJwarmingVERBtheDETroofNOUNofADPtheDETmouthNOUNwithADPyourPRONtongueNOUNmakesVERBitPRONpassVERBsoonADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1BrainbrainNOUNNumber=Sing2 freezecompound
2freezefreezeNOUNNumber=Sing3 happensnsubj
3happenshappenVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4whenwhenADVPronType=Int8 chillsadvmod
5veryveryADV_6 coldadvmod
6coldcoldADJDegree=Pos7 foodamod
7foodfoodNOUNNumber=Sing8 chillsnsubj
8chillschillVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 happensadvcl
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 roofdet
10roofroofNOUNNumber=Sing8 chillsobj
11ofofADP_13 mouthcase
12thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 mouthdet
13mouthmouthNOUNNumber=Sing10 roofnmod
14quicklyquicklyADV_8 chillsadvmod
15;;PUNCT_17 vesselspunct
16bloodbloodNOUNNumber=Sing17 vesselscompound
17vesselsvesselNOUNNumber=Plur19 changensubj
18therethereADVPronType=Dem17 vesselsadvmod
19changechangeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 happensparataxis
20sizesizeNOUNNumber=Sing19 changeobj
21andandCCONJ_23 sendcc
22nervesnerveNOUNNumber=Plur23 sendnsubj
23sendsendVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin19 changeconj
24aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art26 signaldet
25painpainNOUNNumber=Sing26 signalcompound
26signalsignalNOUNNumber=Sing23 sendobj
27feltfeelVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass26 signalacl
28ininADP_30 foreheadcase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 foreheaddet
30foreheadforeheadNOUNNumber=Sing27 feltobl
31;;PUNCT_32 slowingpunct
32slowingslowVERBVerbForm=Ger44 makescsubj
33downdownADP_32 slowingcompound:prt
34andandCCONJ_35 warmingcc
35warmingwarmVERBVerbForm=Ger32 slowingconj
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art37 roofdet
37roofroofNOUNNumber=Sing35 warmingobj
38ofofADP_40 mouthcase
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art40 mouthdet
40mouthmouthNOUNNumber=Sing37 roofnmod
41withwithADP_43 tonguecase
42youryourPRONCase=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs43 tonguenmod:poss
43tonguetongueNOUNNumber=Sing35 warmingobl
44makesmakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 happensparataxis
45ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs44 makesobj
46passpassVERBVerbForm=Inf44 makesxcomp
47soonsoonADVDegree=Pos46 passadvmod
48..PUNCT_3 happenspunct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1happenpresentBrain freezevn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2chillpresentcold foodthe roof of the mouthquickly propertyvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus roof=Experiencer
3changepresentblood vesselssizevn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent size=Patient
4sendpresentnervesa pain signalvn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Theme
5feelparticiplea pain signal not said herein the foreheadvn seem-109-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Theme in forehead=Attribute
6slow downgerundvn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7warmgerundthe roof of the mouthwith your tonguevn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent roof=Patient with tongue=Instrument
8makepresentslowingrooftree rules
9passinfinitiveroof not said heresoon propertyvn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:068-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/15/