The brain and nerves, sentence 8
Nerves carry signals between the body and the brain; the fastest signals travel at over 100 metres a second, but some pain signals travel only about 1 or 2 metres a second.
Who acts: Nerves, fastest signals, pain signals · What happens: carry, travel · To what, where: signals, 100 metres, 1 metres
This is a sentence of the lesson «The brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nerves, fastest signals, pain signals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nerves | nerve | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carry | nsubj |
| 2 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | signals | signal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carry | obj |
| 4 | between | between | ADP | _ | 6 body | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 body | det |
| 6 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 signals | nmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 brain | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 brain | det |
| 9 | brain | brain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 body | conj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 travel | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 signals | det |
| 12 | fastest | fast | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 signals | amod |
| 13 | signals | signal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 travel | nsubj |
| 14 | travel | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 carry | parataxis |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 metres | case |
| 16 | over | over | ADV | _ | 17 100 | advmod |
| 17 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 18 metres | nummod |
| 18 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 travel | obl |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 second | det |
| 20 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 metres | nmod:unmarked |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 travel | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 travel | cc |
| 23 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 25 signals | det |
| 24 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 signals | compound |
| 25 | signals | signal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 travel | nsubj |
| 26 | travel | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 travel | conj |
| 27 | only | only | ADV | _ | 29 1 | advmod |
| 28 | about | about | ADV | _ | 29 1 | advmod |
| 29 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 metres | nummod |
| 30 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 2 | cc |
| 31 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 29 1 | conj |
| 32 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 travel | obj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 second | det |
| 34 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 metres | nmod:unmarked |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 carry | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry | present | Nerves | signals | between the body and the brain | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Theme | |||
| 2 | travel | present | the fastest signals | 100 metres a second | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at metre=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | travel | present | some pain signals | 1 metres a second | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:068-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/8/