Senses: nose, tongue and skin, sentence 10

The bumps on the tongue are papillae, and many of them hold taste buds; an adult has about 2,000 to 10,000 taste buds, and they are replaced about every week or two.

Who acts: bumps, many, adult · What happens: be, hold, have, replace · To what, where: papillae, taste buds, 2,000 taste buds, buds

This is a sentence of the lesson «Senses: nose, tongue and skin» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bumps, many, adult), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bumps	det
2	bumps	bump	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 papillae	nsubj
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 tongue	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tongue	det
5	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bumps	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 papillae	cop
7	papillae	papilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 hold	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 hold	cc
10	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 hold	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 many	nmod
13	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 papillae	conj
14	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 buds	compound
15	buds	bud	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 hold	obj
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 has	punct
17	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 adult	det
18	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 has	nsubj
19	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 hold	conj
20	about	about	ADV	_	21 2,000	advmod
21	2,000	2000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	25 buds	nummod
22	to	to	ADP	_	23 10,000	case
23	10,000	10000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	21 2,000	nmod
24	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 buds	compound
25	buds	bud	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 has	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 replaced	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 replaced	cc
28	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 replaced	nsubj:pass
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 replaced	aux:pass
30	replaced	replace	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 has	conj
31	about	about	ADV	_	33 week	advmod
32	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	33 week	det
33	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 replaced	obl:unmarked
34	or	or	CCONJ	_	35 two	cc
35	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 week	conj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 papillae	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	is a	present	the bumps on the tongue	papillae		tree rules
2	hold	present	many of bumps	taste buds		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bud=Theme
3	have	present	a adult	2,000 taste buds		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bud=Patient
4	replace	present · passive		buds = bud	week	vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:070-senses-nose-tongue-and-skin.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/70-senses-nose-tongue-and-skin/10/