The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs, sentence 0
About 66 million years ago a rock about 10 kilometres wide, taller than Mount Everest, slammed into the sea near Mexico; dust and gas blocked the sunlight, the world went cold and dark, and about three quarters of all kinds of living things died out.
Who acts: rock, dust, world, three quarters · What happens: slam, block, go, die out · To what, where: sea, sunlight
This is a sentence of the lesson «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock, dust, world, three quarters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 3 million | advmod |
| 2 | 66 | 66 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 million | compound |
| 3 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 years | nummod |
| 4 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 18 slammed | advmod |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 rock | det |
| 7 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 slammed | nsubj |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 9 10 | advmod |
| 9 | 10 | 10 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 kilometres | nummod |
| 10 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 wide | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 rock | amod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 taller | punct |
| 13 | taller | tall | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 rock | amod |
| 14 | than | than | ADP | _ | 16 Everest | case |
| 15 | Mount | mount | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Everest | compound |
| 16 | Everest | everest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 taller | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 rock | punct |
| 18 | slammed | slam | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 sea | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sea | det |
| 21 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 slammed | obl |
| 22 | near | near | ADP | _ | 23 Mexico | case |
| 23 | Mexico | Mexico | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 slammed | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 blocked | punct |
| 25 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 blocked | nsubj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 gas | cc |
| 27 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dust | conj |
| 28 | blocked | block | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 slammed | parataxis |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 sunlight | det |
| 30 | sunlight | sunlight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 blocked | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 went | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 world | det |
| 33 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 went | nsubj |
| 34 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 blocked | conj |
| 35 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 went | xcomp |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 dark | cc |
| 37 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 cold | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 died | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 died | cc |
| 40 | about | about | ADV | _ | 41 three | advmod |
| 41 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 quarters | nummod |
| 42 | quarters | quarter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 died | nsubj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 kinds | case |
| 44 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 45 kinds | det |
| 45 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 quarters | nmod |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 things | case |
| 47 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 things | amod |
| 48 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 kinds | nmod |
| 49 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 slammed | conj |
| 50 | out | out | ADP | _ | 49 died | compound:prt |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 slammed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slam | past | a rock | the sea | near Mexico; ago property | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into sea=Location | |||
| 2 | block | past | dust and gas | the sunlight | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer sunlight=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | past | the world | cold property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | die out | past | three quarters of all kinds of living things | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/0/