The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs, sentence 5

Dust and gas from the impact blocked sunlight, plants stopped growing, the plant-eaters starved and then the meat-eaters that ate them, and about three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants died out, including all dinosaurs except birds.

Who acts: Dust, plants, plant eaters, meat eaters, three quarters · What happens: block, stop, grow, starve, eat, die out · To what, where: sunlight, impact, plants, dinosaurs

This is a sentence of the lesson «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dust, plants, plant eaters, meat eaters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blocked	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 gas	cc
3	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Dust	conj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 impact	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 impact	det
6	impact	impact	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blocked	obl
7	blocked	block	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 stopped	conj
8	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blocked	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 plants	punct
10	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 stopped	nsubj
11	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 stopped	xcomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 eaters	punct
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 eaters	det
15	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 eaters	compound
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 plant	punct
17	eaters	eater	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 starved	nsubj
18	starved	starve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 stopped	conj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 ate	cc
20	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	24 eaters	advmod
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 eaters	det
22	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 eaters	compound
23	-	-	PUNCT	_	22 meat	punct
24	eaters	eater	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 ate	nsubj
25	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	26 ate	nsubj
26	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 starved	conj
27	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 ate	obj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 died	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 died	cc
30	about	about	ADV	_	31 three	advmod
31	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 quarters	nummod
32	quarters	quarter	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 died	nsubj
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 kinds	case
34	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	35 kinds	det
35	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 quarters	nmod
36	of	of	ADP	_	37 animals	case
37	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 kinds	nmod
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 plants	cc
39	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 animals	conj
40	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	26 ate	conj
41	out	out	ADP	_	40 died	compound:prt
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 including	punct
43	including	include	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	40 died	advcl
44	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	45 dinosaurs	det
45	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 including	obj
46	except	except	ADP	_	47 birds	case
47	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 dinosaurs	nmod
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 blocked	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	block	past	Dust and gas	sunlight	the impact		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer sunlight=Beneficiary from impact=Eventuality
2	stop	past	plants				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
3	grow	gerund	plants not said here				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	starve	past	the plant eaters				tree rules
5	eat	past	the meat eaters	plants = plant			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
6	die out	past	three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants				vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
7	include	gerund	three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants not said here	all dinosaurs		except birds	vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinosaur=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/5/