Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis, sentence 10

New Zealand had no ground-hunting mammals before people came, so birds like the kiwi and kakapo did not need to fly.

Who acts: New, people, birds · What happens: have, hunt, come, not need, fly · To what, where: hunting mammals

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New, people, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	New	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
2	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 New	flat
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 mammals	det
5	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hunting	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 hunting	punct
7	hunting	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 mammals	amod
8	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
9	before	before	SCONJ	_	11 came	mark
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 came	nsubj
11	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 had	advcl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 need	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	22 need	advmod
14	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 need	nsubj
15	like	like	ADP	_	17 kiwi	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 kiwi	det
17	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 birds	nmod
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 kakapo	cc
19	kakapo	kakapo	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 kiwi	conj
20	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 need	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 need	advmod
22	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 had	conj
23	to	to	PART	_	24 fly	mark
24	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 need	xcomp
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	have	past	New	no hunting mammals	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mammal=Patient
2	hunt	gerund			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	come	past	people		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	not need	past · do-support	birds like the kiwi and kakapo		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
5	fly not said to happen	to-infinitive	birds like the kiwi and kakapo not said here		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:079-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/10/