The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark, sentence 14
Sea turtles eat jellyfish and can mistake floating plastic bags for them; plastic can block the stomach so the turtle feels full and starves, and tiny microplastics have been found from the deepest trenches to Arctic ice.
Who acts: Sea turtles, plastic, turtle · What happens: eat, mistake, float, block, feel, starve · To what, where: jellyfish, floating plastic bags, stomach, tiny microplastics, deepest trenches
This is a sentence of the lesson «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sea turtles, plastic, turtle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 turtles | compound |
| 2 | turtles | turtle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 eat | nsubj |
| 3 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | jellyfish | jellyfish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 eat | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 mistake | cc |
| 6 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 mistake | aux |
| 7 | mistake | mistake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 eat | conj |
| 8 | floating | float | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 bags | amod |
| 9 | plastic | plastic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 bags | amod |
| 10 | bags | bag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 mistake | obj |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 them | case |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 mistake | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 block | punct |
| 14 | plastic | plastic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 block | nsubj |
| 15 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 block | aux |
| 16 | block | block | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 eat | parataxis |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 stomach | det |
| 18 | stomach | stomach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 block | obj |
| 19 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 22 feels | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 turtle | det |
| 21 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 feels | nsubj |
| 22 | feels | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 block | advcl |
| 23 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 feels | xcomp |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 starves | cc |
| 25 | starves | starve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 feels | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 found | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 found | cc |
| 28 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 microplastics | amod |
| 29 | microplastics | microplastic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 found | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 found | aux |
| 31 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 found | aux:pass |
| 32 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 block | conj |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 36 trenches | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 trenches | det |
| 35 | deepest | deep | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 36 trenches | amod |
| 36 | trenches | trench | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 found | obl |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 ice | case |
| 38 | Arctic | arctic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 ice | amod |
| 39 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 trenches | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 eat | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | present | Sea turtles | jellyfish | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jellyfish=Patient | ||||
| 2 | mistake | can | Sea turtles not said here | floating plastic bags | for turtles = turtle | tree rules | |||
| 3 | float | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | block | can | plastic | the stomach | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer stomach=Theme | ||||
| 5 | feel | present | the turtle | full property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | starve | present | the turtle not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | find | present · perfect · passive | tiny microplastics | the deepest trenches to Arctic ice | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from trench=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:008-the-ocean.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/14/