The big cats house: lions and tigers up close, sentence 14

A lion's tongue is covered with tiny backward hooks that comb its fur and scrape meat off bones, like a house cat's but far rougher.

Who acts: tiny backward hooks · What happens: cover, comb, scrape · To what, where: tongue, fur

This is a sentence of the lesson «The big cats house: lions and tigers up close» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tiny backward hooks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lion	det
2	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tongue	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 lion	case
4	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 covered	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 covered	aux:pass
6	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 hooks	case
8	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hooks	amod
9	backward	backward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hooks	amod
10	hooks	hook	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 covered	obl
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 comb	nsubj
12	comb	comb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 hooks	acl:relcl
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 fur	nmod:poss
14	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 comb	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 meat	cc
16	scrape	scrape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 comb	conj
17	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 fur	conj
18	off	off	ADP	_	19 bones	case
19	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 scrape	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 rougher	punct
21	like	like	ADP	_	28 rougher	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 cat	det
23	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 cat	compound
24	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 rougher	nmod:poss
25	's	's	PART	_	24 cat	case
26	but	but	CCONJ	_	28 rougher	cc
27	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	28 rougher	advmod
28	rougher	rougher	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 comb	parataxis
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 covered	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		a lion's tongue	with tiny backward hooks	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with hook=Theme
2	comb	present	tiny backward hooks	lion's fur and meat		vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Patient
3	scrape	present	tiny backward hooks not said here		off bones	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:081-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/81-big-cats-house-lions-and-tigers/14/